{"id":8295,"date":"2008-03-04T02:49:25","date_gmt":"2008-03-03T18:49:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dadicdk.com\/2008\/03\/04\/%e5%8a%9e%e5%ad%a6%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a2-39\/"},"modified":"2008-03-04T02:49:25","modified_gmt":"2008-03-03T18:49:25","slug":"%e5%8a%9e%e5%ad%a6%e6%8e%a2%e7%b4%a2-39","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.dadicdk.com\/?p=8295","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5e7c\u513f\u4ea4\u5f80\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0e\u6559\u5e08\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u6bd4\u8f83"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n

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\n

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\n

 <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

 <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
\n

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\n

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\n

 <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
\n

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\n

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\n

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\n

 <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
\n

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\n

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\n

 <\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
\n

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\n

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\n


     <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u8003\u8651\u51b2\u7a81\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5e94\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u51b2\u7a81\u53cc\u65b9\u4ea7\u751f\u5fc3\u7406\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e7c\u513f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u9000\u7f29\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u51b2\u7a81\u5904\u7406\u6070\u5f53\uff0c\u53ef\u5316\u4e0d\u5229\u4e3a\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5e7c\u513f\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u5b59\u534e\u5e73\u548c\u5f20\u6587\u65b0<\/SPAN>(1995)<\/SPAN>\u6240\u5f52\u7eb3\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u51b2\u7a81\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u513f\u7ae5\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0a\u7684<\/SPAN>\u201c<\/SPAN>\u53bb\u81ea\u6211\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/SPAN>\u201d<\/SPAN>\uff1b\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff1b\u52a0\u6df1\u5e7c\u513f\u5f7c\u6b64\u95f4\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u53cb\u8c0a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u65b9\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0e\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f1a\u5b66\u4e60\u542c\u53d6\u4ed6\u4eba\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u8bf4\u670d\u6216\u91c7\u7eb3\u4ed6\u4eba\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u8c03\u6574\u81ea\u8eab\u8a00\u884c\uff0c\u5e94\u5bf9\u548c\u5904\u7406\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u5e7c\u513f\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e0e\u522b\u4eba\u76f8\u5904\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e60\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u5f80\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65ad\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/SPAN><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
\n


     <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u8981\u76f8\u4fe1\u5e7c\u513f\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u81ea\u5df1\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u5728\u8bbf\u8c08\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u5f88\u76f4\u63a5\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\uff1a<\/SPAN>\u201c<\/SPAN>\u5e7c\u513f\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u81ea\u5df1\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7531\u8001\u5e08\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u51b3<\/SPAN>\u201d<\/SPAN>\u3002\u5728\u51b2\u7a81\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee3\u66ff\u5e7c\u513f\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u90e8\u5206\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u5e7c\u513f\u5904\u7406\u51b2\u7a81\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6<\/SPAN>D<\/SPAN>\uff0e<\/SPAN>F<\/SPAN>\uff0e\u6d77\u548c<\/SPAN>H<\/SPAN>\uff0e<\/SPAN>S<\/SPAN>\uff0e\u7f57\u65af<\/SPAN>(1982)<\/SPAN>\u7814\u7a76<\/SPAN>21<\/SPAN>\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u5728\u6e38\u620f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\u6709<\/SPAN>79<\/SPAN>\uff05\u662f\u5728\u65e0\u6210\u4eba\u5e72\u9884\u4e0b\u7531\u513f\u7ae5\u81ea\u5df1\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u3002<\/SPAN>Shantz(1987)<\/SPAN>\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u603b\u7ed3\u540e\u4e5f\u5f97\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u4eba\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b66\u9f84\u513f\u7ae5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u51b2\u7a81\u7531\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u5e7c\u513f\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u5e94\u8f6c\u53d8\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u591a\u4ece\u79ef\u6781\u5c42\u9762\u770b\u5f85\u5e7c\u513f\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4ef7\u503c\uff1b\u5728\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u5e7c\u513f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e94\u9f13\u52b1\u5e7c\u513f\u81ea\u5df1\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5e7c\u513f\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u793e\u4f1a\u4ea4\u5f80\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/SPAN><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
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     <\/SPAN>(<\/SPAN>\u4e8c<\/SPAN>)<\/SPAN>\u5c1d\u8bd5\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u57f9\u517b\u5e7c\u513f\u5e94\u5bf9\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/SPAN>
     <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>\u51b2\u7a81\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u963b\u6b62\u548c\u907f\u514d\u51b2\u7a81\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u51b2\u7a81\u53ca\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5e7c\u513f\u4e60\u5f97\u5e94\u5bf9\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5b66\u4f1a\u8fd0\u7528\u79ef\u6781\u5408\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u5e7c\u513f\u5e94\u5bf9\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/SPAN><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
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     <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>\u5728<\/SPAN>\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><\/A><\/SPAN>\u65e5\u5e38\u6559\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e7c\u513f\u9762\u5bf9\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u544a\u72b6\u3001\u5411\u8001\u5e08\u6c42\u52a9\uff0c\u6216\u9003\u907f\u3001\u653b\u51fb\u5bf9\u65b9\u7b49\u5e94\u5bf9\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5e7c\u513f\u544a\u72b6\u548c\u6c42\u52a9\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u4f46\u8fc7\u591a\u5730\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ed6\u4eba\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u5730\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5e7c\u513f\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u91c7\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9003\u907f\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u653b\u5bf9\u65b9\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u51b2\u7a81\u5347\u7ea7\u548c\u51b2\u7a81\u53cd\u590d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e7c\u513f\u51fa\u73b0\u5fc3\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5e7c\u513f\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u5e7c\u513f\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u5e94\u5bf9\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7ed9\u4e88\u5e7c\u513f\u4ee5\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\u8ba9\u5e7c\u513f\u5b66\u4e60\u600e\u6837\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u4ee5\u53d1\u5c55\u5e7c\u513f\u5e94\u5bf9\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/SPAN><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
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     <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>\u6559\u5e7c\u513f\u5b66\u4e60\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u60c5\u7eea\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u5e7c\u513f\u5e94\u5bf9\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u5bf9\u60c5\u7eea\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u8c03\u8282\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u907f\u514d\u51b2\u52a8\u548c\u66b4\u529b\u884c\u4e3a\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/SPAN>Kopp(1982)<\/SPAN>\u7814\u7a76\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u5728\u51fa\u751f\u540e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c<\/SPAN>3\u20144<\/SPAN>\u5c81\u53ef\u5229\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u8a00\u8bed\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\uff0c<\/SPAN>6<\/SPAN>\u5c81\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5185\u90e8\u8a00\u8bed\u8c03\u8282\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728<\/SPAN>\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><\/A><\/SPAN>\u6559\u5b66\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u5730\u5f00\u5c55\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e2e\u52a9\u5e7c\u513f\u5efa\u7acb\u5185\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u8c03\u8282\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5982\u8a00\u8bed\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u8eab\u4f53\u52a8\u4f5c\u63a7\u5236\u8bad\u7ec3<\/SPAN>(<\/SPAN>\u505c\u6b62\uff0f\u5f00\u59cb<\/SPAN>)<\/SPAN>\uff0c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6ee1\u8db3\u8bad\u7ec3\uff1b\u5b66\u4e60\u6124\u6012\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u91ca\u653e\uff1b\u5236\u5b9a\u6e38\u620f\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u5e7c\u513f\u9075\u5b88\u7b49\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bf9<\/SPAN>\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed<\/FONT><\/SPAN><\/SPAN><\/A><\/SPAN>\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u5e38\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u653b\u51fb\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u51b3\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u5e7c\u513f\uff0c\u66f4\u5e94\u52a0\u5f3a\u5176\u60c5\u7eea\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/SPAN><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
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    <\/SPAN><\/SPAN>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5e7c\u513f\u51b2\u7a81\u662f\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u65e5\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u51b2\u7a81\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u5e08\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/SPAN><\/o:p><\/SPAN><\/P>
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